Scientists from Central Agriculture University, Pasighat have reported the discovery of Cordyceps mushroom in East Siang district, marking an unusual occurrence of the high-altitude medicinal fungus in a lowland ecosystem.

The exploration was led by Assistant Professor Dr Senpon Ngomle, along with Dr Yengkhom Disco Singh and P Chattopadhyay.

Cordyceps species are obligate entomopathogenic fungi that typically parasitise insect larvae above 3,000–4,000 metres. Their occurrence in East Siang is “exceptionally unusual and scientifically valuable,” the university said.

The genus is economically significant and produces bioactive compounds including cordycepin, adenosine, ergosterol and polysaccharides. Pharmacological studies have linked these to immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and neuroprotective activities. Wild Cordyceps are highly valued in Himalayan ethnomedicine and the nutraceutical industry.

Molecular identification is underway to determine whether the specimen is a known species or a new taxon.

Preliminary lab culturing and strain identification have begun at CAU’s College of Agriculture and College of Horticulture and Forestry. The team aims to develop cultivation protocols for sustainable utilisation and potential livelihood generation.

Dr Singh noted that Arunachal, as a biodiversity hotspot, offers vast scope for scientific exploration. The team plans detailed molecular identification, mycological profiling, and phytochemical analysis to assess properties and applications.

Dr Ngomle said the find indicates the region’s untapped bioresource potential. Dr Singh added that Arunachal Pradesh, as a biodiversity hotspot, holds vast scope for scientific exploration.

The researchers called for systematic fungal biodiversity assessment, medicinal mushroom research, molecular documentation and conservation initiatives in the state.